THE RIGHT TO PRIVACY AS A KEY ELEMENT IN FORMING GLOBAL REGULATION OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

Abstract

This article examines the right to privacy as a fundamental element in shaping the global  regulatory framework for artificial intelligence (AI). The rapid development of AI technologies has led to significant transformations in traditional approaches to privacy protection, particularly in the context of algorithmic profiling, big data processing, and biometric surveillance. The study analyzes key international legal instruments, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the European Convention on Human Rights, as well as modern regulatory frameworks such as the General Data Protection Regulation and the Artificial Intelligence Act. It is argued that the right to privacy is evolving into a central principle guiding AI Act at the global level. Special attention is paid to the role of international organizations, including the United Nations and the Council of Europe, in establishing universal standards in the field of digital rights. The article highlights the fragmentation of global regulation and the competition between different regulatory models. It is concluded that the development of artificial intelligence significantly transforms the content of the right to privacy in modern international relations. It acts not only as an object of protection, but also as a system-forming principle of regulating artificial intelligence, which determines the boundaries of permissible use of technologies. Effective protection of the right to privacy in the digital age will largely depend on the ability of international organizations and states to ensure transparency of control over data processing and compliance with the principles of international human rights law. The international community is faced with the need to form universal international legal standards for regulating artificial intelligence, which would ensure a balance between technological development, national security and observance of fundamental human rights. Directions for harmonizing international approaches and strengthening human rights-oriented regulation of AI are proposed.