ANALYSIS OF APPROACHES TO INNOV ATION ACTIVITY MANAGEMENT AT MODERN ENTERPRISES

Abstract

This article is devoted to a comparative analysis of methodological approaches to managing innovation activities in agricultural enterprises in the context of global technological transformation – a phenomenon referred to in the scientific literature as ‘Agriculture 4.0’. The study's relevance stems from increased competition in global food markets, the need to ensure food security, and the special role of innovation in the long-term competitiveness of the agricultural sector, including during the current conflict in Ukraine. The article systematizes five basic methodological approaches to managing innovation activities: resource-based, market-based, strategic, systemic, and project-based. For each approach, the essence, key tools, advantages, and limitations are identified. It has been established that the resource-based approach predominates in the practice of domestic agribusinesses, whilst global experience indicates that the strategic and systemic approaches are more effective. The study examined five key areas of technological innovation in the agricultural sector: precision farming, digitalization and the Internet of Things, biotechnological innovations, renewable energy and resource conservation, and agri-logistics and digital sales channels. For each area, the quantitative effects of implementation are presented, and the potential for application in the Ukrainian context is assessed. International experience in managing agricultural innovations is summarised using examples from the Netherlands (the ‘tetraspiral’ model and the Food Valley cluster), Israel (public-private partnerships and AgriFoodaccelerators), and Brazil (state-led technology transfer via EMBRAP A). Recommendations have been formulated for adapting foreign models to Ukrainian realities. A system of indicators for assessing the effectiveness of an agricultural enterprise’s innovation activities has been proposed, covering input, output, efficiency, potential, and market indicators.